Hepatic vein flow in right heart failure and in normal dogs and cats

I have heard it suggested in cardiological circles that alternating bidirectional hepatic vein flow is an indicator of right heart congestive failure. But it’s not that straightfoward. Normal dogs also have not one but two reversed phase in their hepatic vein flow: As was described originally by Szatmari et al. some years ago: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11327368 The … Continue reading Hepatic vein flow in right heart failure and in normal dogs and cats